2 100 2176 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Describes Gower's rhyme patterns, his use of iambic lines, placement of caesura, use and frequency of enjambment. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Schipper, J. Published Schipper, J. Englische Metrik in historischer und systematischer Entwicklung dargestellt. Bonn: E. Strauss, 1881, I, 279-80, 427, 483-88. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Englische Metrik in historischer und systematischer Entwicklung dargestellt. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1881 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Attempts to demonstrate CA was composed ca. 1383-1386. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Hales, John. Published Hales, John. "The Confessio Amantis." Athenaeum, No. 2826 (December, 1881): 851-53. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1881 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Shows that much early criticism of Gower's rhymes is the result of poorly punctuated texts. Author/Editor Author/Editor Nicholson, Edward B. Published Nicholson, Edward B. "Mispunctuation in Gower and Ronsard." Academy, No. 487 (September, 1881): 182. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mispunctuations in Gower and Ronsard. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1881 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Bech analyzes Chaucer's Legend of Good Women (LGW) not only in relation to Gower's CA, but also in comparison with works by Ovid and Boccaccio, among others. The first section (314-65) thus catalogues the various sources for the LGW. The story of Pyramus and Thisbe is the first major tale where Bech closely compares Gower and Chaucer. Chaucer's superiority is clear, for he copies Ovid faithfully and with rich psychological insight. Gower lacks an artistic eye for dialogue and monologue, and generally turns Ovid's "schöne miniaturbild" (320) into mere plot summary. Next, Bech turns to the story of Aeneas and Dido, which both authors tell in the contemporary language of chivalry and courtly love. Gower gives a very general account of this narrative, however, and his reference to King Menander (in Dido's letter) is a misreading of Ovid's phrase "vada Meandri" that Chaucer avoids (323-24). Bech further notes that while Gower makes no mention of Jason's adventure on Lemnos (as Chaucer does), he does relate the story of Jason and Medea at length. Bech argues that Chaucer and Gower use the same source (Benoît de Sainte-Maure) independently from one another (332). The story of Lucrece is also borrowed independently, although Bech suggests that at a crucial moment in the narrative (where Lucrece's relatives argue for forgiveness on the basis of other examples), both Gower and Chaucer turn to Livy rather than Ovid. Yet another tale where Chaucer and Gower do not borrow from one another is the story of Ariadne. Gower does not have Minos imprison Theseus and omits some of the latter's dramatic dialogue with Ariadne. Nevertheless, both writers elaborate on two points, namely the story of how Minos's son Androgeus was killed in Athens, and the defeat of the monster. Any parallels at this point may be explained by the possibility that they both used similar medieval manuscripts of Ovid, as well as by the fact that the means of killing the Minotaur may be influenced by the biblical narrative of the dragon in Daniel 14. Similar conclusions about Gower and Chaucer's independent story-telling are drawn about other narratives (including the story of Procne and Philomela and the story of Phyllis and Demophoon) before Bech turns in part 2 (365-71) to a more direct comparison between the CA and the LGW. Aside from the fact that both works use classical sources and have an "erotischen charakter" (365), Gower borrows much from Chaucer's Prologue to the LGW. Although Gower downplays Cupid's role, he too uses the deities of love (Cupid and Venus), sets his narrative in the month of May, and has Venus tells Amans to confess his love, just as Alceste tells Chaucer to write the LGW as an act of penitence. While it might be objected that the Romance of the Rose was the source for both authors, it seems improbable that two poets with such different poetic talents ("leute von so ganz verschiedener dichterischer begabung" 368) would borrow the same material. It seems more likely that, for instance, Gower's praise of Alceste is the result of Chaucer's "verherrlichung dieser frau" (368). When Gower tells the story of Alceste in Book 7, certain plot details suggest an acquaintance with the LGW. Bech indeed dates the CA later than the LGW, although when it comes to the legends themselves (rather than the prologue), Gower's only indebtedness may be his mention of the death of Cleopatra. When Gower mentions Cleopatra and Thisbe in Book 8 as members of the company of young lovers, he names them in the same sequence as their tales are related in the LGW, but this may be due to the fact that both women led similar lives: they both committed suicide and their lovers followed suit. Part 3 (371-82) of Bech's study focuses on the structure and plan of the LGW, although he includes some brief commentary on the Man of Law's Tale and its relation to the CA (376). [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Bech, M Published Bech, M. "Quellen und Plan der Legende of Goode Women und ihr Verhältnis zur Confessio Amantis." Anglia 5 (1882), pp. 313-382. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Quellen und Plan der Legende of Goode Women und ihr Verhältnis zur Confessio Amantis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1882 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Prints from Reinhold Pauli (1857) the "Tale of Narcissus" (with Genius/Amans exchange), CA, Book I, 2254-2366.] [RFY1981] . Author/Editor Author/Editor Buckley, Rev. W. E., ed. Published Buckley, Rev. W. E., ed. Cephalus and Procris. Narcissus. By Thomas Edwards. London: Roxburghe Club, 1882, pp. 125-28. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cephalus and Procris. Narcissus. By Thomas Edwards. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1882 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Author/Editor Author/Editor Hallam, Henry. Published Hallam, Henry. Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries. 4 vols. London: J. Murray, 1837, I, 63. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Language and Word Studies Review Modest praise of Gower in comparison with Chaucer: though not "a poet of nature's growth," Gower helped to render English "less rude," and is "always sensible, polished, perspicuous, and not prosaic in the worst sense of the word." [RFY1981; rev. MA] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Introduction to the Literature of Europe in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Centuries. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1882 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower and Chaucer were friends and friendly critics. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Marsh, George P. Published Marsh, George P. Lectures on the English Language. Rev. ed. New York: Scribner's, 1885, p. 461n. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lectures on the English Language. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1885 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Prints Cinkante Balades and Traitié pour Essampler les Amants Marietz, basing texts on Roxburghe edition (1818), and collating with MSS. Bodley 294, Fairfax 3, All Souls 98, Wadham College 13, Harley 3869, and Trinity College 32. Author/Editor Author/Editor Stengel, Edmund, ed. Published Stengel, Edmund, ed. John Gower's Minnesang und Ehezuchtbüchlein: LXXII Anglonormannische Balladen. Marburg: Elwert, 1886. Gower Subject Cinkante Balades Traitié pour Essampler les Amants Marietz, Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Gower's Minnesang und Ehezuchtbüchlein: LXXII Anglonormannische Balladen. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1886 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review List of works; brief, negative commentary. Author/Editor Author/Editor Beers, Henry A. Published Beers, Henry A. An Outline Sketch of English Literature. New York: Chataqua, 1886, p. 37. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Outline .Sketch of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1886 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review No Gower material included. [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Busch, Emil. Published Busch, Emil. "Laut- und Formenlehre der Anglo-Normannischen Sprache des XIV. Jahrhunderts." Ph.D. dissertation. Greifswald University, 1887. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Laut- und Formenlehre der Anglo-Normannischen Sprache des XIV. Jahrhunderts. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1887 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Briefly mentions Gower as a writer of amorous poetry. [RBFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Hochdorfer, Karl F. Published Hochdorfer, Karl F. "Observations on the Language of the Court of Love." Ph.D. Dissertation. Harvard University, 1888, p. 6. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Observations on the Language of the Court of Love. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1888 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Refers to Dr. Johnson's comment, in the preface to his "Dictionary" (1755), that Gower was a smooth versifier and an easy rhymer, only to disagree that this is an important achievement. [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Arnold, Matthew. Published Arnold, Matthew. "The Study of Poetry." Essays in Criticism: Second Series. London: Macmillan, 1888, pp. 1-55, esp. 28-29. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Study of Poetry. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1888 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Studies relations between Chaucer and Gower, with an attempt to determine extent and nature of mutual influence. Also provides detailed descriptions of Gower manuscripts, classified according to whereabouts. Prints the following: (on pp. 10-12) selections from CA VIII 2938-70, 3106-70, and the full Latin conclusion (from MS. Fairfax 3), and VIII 2938*-70* and the Latin conclusion through "Britannis" (from Bodley 693); (on pp. 67-68) from "Rex coeli Deus," 1-25, 31-48, 32-33 (in parallel texts from MSS. Digby 137 and Cotton Tiberius A IV); and (on p. 72) the "Balade moral of gode counseyle made by Gower" (in parallel texts from MS. Ashmole 59--where John Shirley gives it this title--and Rawlinson 86. Meyer (p. 71) neither affirms nor denies Shirley's attribution of the ballade to Gower, but reports that the manuscript catalog at Oxford suggests that it influenced Chaucer's "Truth." [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Meyer, Karl. Published Meyer, Karl. John Gowers Beziehungen zu Chaucer und König Richard II. Bonn, 1889, pp. 3-6, 47-71. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Influence and Later Allusion Manuscripts and Textual Studies Editions and Translations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Gowers Beziehungen zu Chaucer und König Richard II. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Prints "Pyramys and Tysbe," CA Book III, 1331-1502, plus 18 lines not in Macaulay's edition (1899-1902). Text based on MS. Ballantine 354. [RFY1891]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Flügel, Ewald. Published Flügel, Ewald. "Pyramys and Tysbe." Anglia: Zeitschrift für Englische Philologie 12 (1889): 16-20. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Manuscripts and Textual Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pyramys and Tysbe. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Follows Reinhold Pauli (1857) with a few (mistaken) corrections from Bertelette; leaves out "Canace," CA, Book III, 143-336, as "unfit for popular reading," and omits without explanation Book IV, 401-08; 428-36; 443-506; 516-23; 1467-75; 1490-1594; 2131-82; 2754-70; 2858-62; 2883-88; 3181-3302. Surveys previous editions of CA; brief biography. [RFY1891]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Morley, Henry, ed. Published Morley, Henry, ed. Tales of the Seven Deadly Sins: Being the Confessio Amantis of John Gower. London and New York: Routledge, 1889. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Biography of Gower Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tales of the Seven Deadly Sins: Being the Confessio Amantis of John Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Author/Editor Author/Editor Tiete, Georg. Published Tiete, Georg. Zu John Gowers Confessio Amantis. Dissertation. University of Breslau, 1889. Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Bibliographies, Reports, and Reference Review A lexicon, generally following OED format, viz. word, definition, example. Citations are keyed to Pauli's 1857 edition of CA. Words selected for study are intended to be those Gower was first to use in English; thus, as one might expect from the date of the study, there are some inaccuracies brought to light by more recent scholarship. [RFY1981]. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Zu John Gowers Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Takes issue with emendations to Reinhold Pauli's text (1857) made by Henry Morley (1889) in the latter's attempt to be true to Berthelette's 1532 version of the CA. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Bradley, Henry. Published Bradley, Henry. "Some Proper Names in the Confessio Amantis." Athenaeum, No. 3213 (May, 1889): 663. Gower Subject Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Some Proper Names in the Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review No Gower material included. [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Gnerlich, Robert. Published Gnerlich, Robert. Bemerkungen Über den Vers-bau der Anglonormannen. Ph.D. dissertation. Kaiser-Wilhelms-Universität Strassburg, 1889. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bemerkungen Über den Vers-bau der Anglonormannen. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Notes that Gower uses "Partanope of Blois" as a source for CB 43. Prints English version of "Partanope" from two manuscripts. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Wülker, R. Published Wülker, R. "Zu Partanope of Blois." Anglia: Zeitschrift fur Englische Philologie 12 (1889): pp. 607-20. Gower Subject Cinkante Balades Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Zu Partanope of Blois. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower lacking in imagination, and the author of some dull verse, but nonetheless a skilled maker of rhymes whom Spenser must have read. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Brooks, S. W. Published Brooks, S. W. "Some Predecessors of Spenser." Poet Lore 1 (1889): 214-16. Gower Subject Influence and Later Allusion Style and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Some Predecessors of Spenser. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower is "a poet I name from a sense of duty rather than any special liking . . . . He had art, he had learning, he had good will; but he could not weave words into the thrush-like melodies of Chaucer." Describes VC and CA negatively, with brief biographical comments. [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Mitchell, Donald G. Published Mitchell, Donald G. English Lands, Letters, and Kings from Celt to Tudor. New York: Scribner's, 1889, pp. 127-29. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource English Lands, Letters, and Kings from Celt to Tudor. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Author/Editor Author/Editor Morley, Henry. Published Morley, Henry, ed. English Writers: An Attempt Towards a History of English Literature. London: Cassell, 1889. Vol. IV: 150-240. Gower Subject Biography of Gower Cinkante Balades Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Vox Clamantis Cronica Tripertita Confessio Amantis Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Language and Word Studies Review Morley's biographical sketch of Gower (pp. 150-60) surveys and offers corrections to previous accounts, with description of Gower's tomb and its inscriptions, followed by a description of the Trentham MS, including a history of the balade form and a printing of CB 2, with a translation (pp. 165-66). A second chapter follows concerning VC, with a description of the Revolt of 1381, narrative summaries of VC and CrT, and commentary on the "spirit" of VC as helping to justify Chaucer's label of "moral" Gower (200). A third chapter follows on CA, characterizing the poem as "earnest as it could be made by a writer hampered with the working of a fashionable piece of intellectual machinery for which, writing also when aged and in ill health, he did not really care" (201). An extensive summary/description of CA follows, book by book, interspersed with--and closed by--commentary on textual revisions, sources, analogues, and the "musical" qualities of Gower's English verse and diction. [RFY1981; rev. MA] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource English Writers: An Attempt Towards a History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Valuable study of English works, including "In Praise of Peace." Includes examinations of alliteration of proper names, alliterative proverbs, formal structure (such as rime riche, which is termed alliteration in this study), and uses of patterns for larger structural purposes, such as stanzaic linkage. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Höfer, Paul. Published Höfer, Paul. Alliteration bei Gower. Dissertation, Leipzig, 1890. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Alliteration bei Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Argues strongly, on textual evidence, that Gower did not use as a source of CB the version of the "Partanope" which R. Wülker (1889) mentions, since Gower's poem was written perhaps a century earlier. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Kölbing, C. Published Kölbing, C. "Zu Partanope of Blois." Englische Studien 14 (1890): 435-37. Gower Subject Cinkante Balades Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Zu Partanope of Blois. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Shows how Gower's story is both like and unlike versions of the story told by Livy, Jean de Meun, and Chaucer. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Lücke, Emil. Published Lücke, Emil. "Das Leben der Constanze bei Trivet, Gower, und Chaucer." Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Leipzig, 1891. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Die Geschichte von Appius und Virginia in der Englischen Litteratur. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1890 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Argues that Gower and Chaucer both wrote in the "King's English," i.e., the "the language that had formed itself in the Court about the person of the monarch." First edition published in 1871. [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Earle, John. Published Earle, John. The Philology of the English Tongue. 5th ed., rev. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1892, pp. 68-69, 74-75 Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Philology of the English Tongue. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 1871 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Lücke's main aim is to demonstrate that Chaucer's Man of Law's Tale borrows directly from Nicholas Trivet in places, although Chaucer also knew Gower's version of the Constance story. After a brief overview of the criticism on the influence question, the rest of the essay is a meticulous plot summary of all three versions. While minor variations are noted, no general conclusions are drawn. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Lücke, Emil Published Lücke, Emil. "Das Leben der Constanze bei Trivet, Gower, und Chaucer." Anglia 14 (1892), pp. 77-122. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Das Leben der Constanze bei Trivet, Gower, und Chaucer Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Examines Gower's pronunciation by comparing his rhymes with those of Chaucer, and the language of both poets with London documents and the Middle English bible. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Fahrenberg, K. Published Fahrenberg, K. "Zur Sprache der Confessio Amantis." Archiv für das Studium der Neueren Sprachen und Literaturen 89 (1892): 389-412. Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Zur Sprache der Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Claims that Gower is a poor rhymer, and lists 18 eighteen false rhymes in the CA. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Lounsbury, Thomas. Published Lounsbury, Thomas. Studies in Chaucer. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1892, I, 43-48 Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Studies in Chaucer. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Demonstrates that the 18 rhymes from CA cited as false by Thomas Lounsbury (1892) are in fact true ones. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Skeat, Walter W. Published Skeat, Walter W. "Some Rimes in Gower." Academy, no. 1035 (1892): 230-31. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Some Rimes in Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Thumbnail outline of Gower's life, works, and assessment: "pedantic." [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Meiklejhn. John Miller Dow. Published Meiklejohn. John Miller Dow. Brief History of the English Language and Literature. Boston: Heath, 1892, p. 282. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Brief History of the English Language and Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1892 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Argues for chronological order of Gower's poems as French poems, Latin poems, English poems. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Ten Brink, Bernhard. Robinson, William C., trans. Published Ten Brink, Bernhard. History of English Literature. Translated by William C. Robinson. New York: Holt, 1893, II, 39ff. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Proposes as etymology for Gower's word a combination of "arte" plus "mathematica," through Old French. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Mayhew, A. L. Published Mayhew, A. L. "The Word 'Artemage' in Gower." Academy, No. 1089 (March, 1893): 242. Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Word "Artemage" in Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Proposes etymologies for Gower's word, mostly from Latin in combination with Old French, and as variation on "arte" plus "magus." [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Chance, F. Published Chance F. "The Word 'Artemage' in Gower." Academy, No. 1092 (April, 1893): 307. Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Word "Artemage" in Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Proposes etymologies for Gower's word, arguing that Gower was thinking of mathematics rather than magic when he coined (or used) this word. [RFY1981]. Published Krebs, H. "The Word 'Artemage' in Gower." Academy, No. 1092 (April, 1893): 307-08. Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Word "Artemage'"in Gower Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief mention of Gower as a trilingual poet who "gave up" Latin and French and who, with Chaucer, contributed to the "supremacy" of "East Midland English." [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Published Pancoast, Henry S. Representative English Literature from Chaucer to Tennyson. New York: Holt, 1893, p. 24. Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Author/Editor Author/Editor Pancoast, Henry S. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Representative English Literature from Chaucer to Tennyson. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Argues, contra Emil Lücke (1891), that Gower's story of Constance (CA, Book II) is based on Chaucer's Man of Law's Tale. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Skeat, Walter W. Published Skeat, Walter W. "On the Relations Between the Works of Chaucer and Gower." Academy, no. 1089 (March 1893): 266. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource On the Relations Between the Works of Chaucer and Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1893 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Biography; assessment of works through comparisons with Chaucer, Lydgate, and Langland. Gower a good tale-teller, but not an inventive poet. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Jusserand, J. J. Published Jusserand, J. J. Histoire Littéraire du Peuple Anglaises. Paris: Firmin-Didot, 1894. 2d ed. rev., 1896. English version: A Literary History of the English People. New York: Putnam, 1895. 3 vols. Vol. I, From the Origins to the Renaissance (Des Origines à la Renaissance), pp. (French edition) 124, 258, 281, 284, 302, 328, 329, 347, 373, 375, 376, 379, 520, 522, 520; (English edition) 119, 242, 257, 279, 285, 299, 325, 341, 352, 364-72, 373, 502ff., 510. Gower Subject Biography of Gower Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Histoire Littéraire du Peuple Anglaises. A Literary History of the English People. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1894 1896 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review List of works; brief, negative commentary. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Beers, Henry A. Published Beers, Henry A. From Chaucer to Tennyson. New York: Flood and Vincent, 1894, pp. 29, 33 Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource From Chaucer to Tennyson. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1894 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Easton's monograph, in the series Philology, Literature and Archaeology, published by the University of Pennsylvania, consists of two parts: a list of suggested emendations (13-50) to the Reinhold Pauli edition of the CA (1857); and an introduction (1-11) explaining both the rationale behind these variant readings as well as the need for a new edition of the CA. As Easton reveals in the introduction, the manuscripts he has consulted are those available in the British Museum, and he gives a description of each from the Museum catalogue. Whereas Pauli confined himself primarily to B (Harl. 7184), Easton focuses on A and C (Harl. 3490 and Harl. 3869 respectively). Of particular interest to Easton are erroneous spellings and the writing of silent –e. Easton further proposes that the study of Gower's language should be carried out without reference to the works of Chaucer, particularly given the possibility of dialectal differences. Easton then asks whether there were "several recensions of the poem" (5), and whether the version dedicated to Henry IV should be followed as "the last word of the poet" (5). Easton refuses to accept a single answer, but does propose a more fluid notion of Gower's text. Given the frequent revisions in various manuscripts, "the poet wrote not merely two, but many copies of the book, or of parts of the book" (6). As a result, the editor should consider all the manuscripts as a kind of single recension from which he might draw the best readings. Easton's own readings (13-50) aim to correct the sense of Gower's diction (in relation to Pauli), and to fix grammatical problems, harsh constructions, odd stresses, and so forth. Easton ends his introduction with a brief explanation why he has not used the 1889 edition by Henry Morley (he critiques its expurgation of some narratives, and its uncritical correction of Pauli's text), as well as with a short comparison of Gower and Chaucer. While Gower "had nothing of the dramatic instinct of Chaucer" (11), his charm lies in the fact that, like a "gentleman" (11) he cannot hide himself behind his narrative, but always reveals his own thoughts openly and honestly. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Easton, Morton W Published Easton, Morton W. "Readings in Gower." Boston: Ginn, 1895 Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Confessio Amantis Manuscripts and Textual Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Readings in Gower Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Ginn, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Type The nature or genre of the resource Book PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review In a section entitled "Gowers Französische Balladen und Chaucer," Koeppel argues that Chaucer may have been influenced by Gower's CB. Koeppel's best evidence is that Chaucer's Parliament of Fowls (PF) appears to repeat the refrain of Balade 25, "Car qui bien aime ses amours tard oblie." This line occurs in some MSS of PF after line 679, although it is also present in other French lyrics. The influence may be strengthened by similarities between Balade 35 (about Saint Valentine) and both PF and Book of the Duchess. Koeppel also notes that Book 2 of Troilus and Criseyde shares some phrasing with Gower's balades, especially in its expression of happy love (CB 44) and in its bird imagery (CB 46). [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Koeppel, Emil Published Koeppel, Emil. "Kleine Beiträge zur Englischen Litteratur-Geschichte." Englische Studien 20 (1895), pp. 154-160. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Cinkante Balades Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kleine Beiträge zur Englischen Litteratur-Geschichte Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Revises Pancoast (1893), emphasizing the importance of French and Anglo-Norman literature for Gower and Chaucer, and mentioning CB and MO. [RFY1981; rev. MA].. Author/Editor Author/Editor Pancoast, Henry S. Published Pancoast, Henry S. An Introduction to English Literature. New York: Henry Holt, 1895, pp. 54, 65, 78. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource An Introduction to English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower's Tale of Apollonius of Tyre (CA, Book VIII) is based on Geoffrey of Viterbo's "Pantheon," the "Gesta Romanorum version, and a third unidentified source. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Singer, Samuel. Published Singer, Samuel. Apollonius von Tyrus: Untersuchungen über das Fortleben des antiken Romans in späteren Zeiten. Halle: Niemeyer, 1895, pp. 177-89. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Apollonius von Tyrus: Untersuchungen über das Fortleben des antiken Romans in späteren Zeiten. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Argues that Gower's CB was a driect influence on Chaucer." [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Koeppel, E. Published Koeppel, E. "Gowers französische Ballenden und Chaucer." Englischen Studien 20 (1895): 154-56 Gower Subject Influence and Later Allusion Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gowers französische Ballenden und Chaucer. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review On Gower's influence on Chaucer, particularly in natural description; judges Chaucer invariably more "poetic" than Gower. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Flügel, Ewald. Published Flügel, Ewald. "Some Notes on Chaucer's Prologue." Journal of English and Germanic Philology 1 (1897): 118-35. Gower Subject Influence and Later Allusion Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Some Notes on Chaucer's Prologue. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief assessment of works and diction, with comparisons to Chaucer and Langland; knowledge of Wycliffite thought. [RFY1981; rev, MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Nevin, Williams Marvel. Appel, Theodore, ed. Published Nevin, Williams Marvel. Lectures on the History of English Literature. Edited by Theodore Appel. Lancaster, PA: Intelligencer Printing Office, 1895, pp. 137-40 Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lectures on the History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower was dull and bookish, yet therefore representative of his time. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Stryienski, Casimir. Published Stryienski, Casimir. "Un Poète d'Autrefois: John Gower." Revue de l'Enseignement des Langues Vivantes 6 (August, 1895): 249-54. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Un Poète d'Autrefois: John Gower. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Submits various corrections to William Hain (1826). [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Copinger, W. A. Gower Subject Facsimiles, Editions, or Translations Confessio Amantis Published Copinger, W. A. A Supplement to Hain's Repertorium Bibliographicum. Or, Collections toward a New Edition of That Work. 2 vols. London: H. Sotheran, 1895-1902, I, 234. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1895-1902 Title A name given to the resource A Supplement to Hain's Repertorium Bibliographicum, Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower's style claimed to be that of a romancer, but his didacticism interferes with and contradicts his generic decisions. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Triggs, Oscar L., ed. Published Triggs, Oscar L., ed. The Assembly of Gods, by John Lydgate. London: Early English Text Society, 1896. Extra Series, 69. Reprint. Milwood, NY: Krause, 1957, p. lxi. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Assembly of Gods, by John Lydgate. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1896 1957 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Prints "In Praise of Peace." Text based on Thynne (1532), and corrected with MS. Trentham. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Skeat, Walter W., ed. Published Skeat, Walter W., ed. Chaucerian and Other Pieces. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1897, pp. 205-16. Gower Subject In Praise of Peace Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucerian and Other Pieces. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1897 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review List of works; friend of Chaucer; "moral" Gower. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Beers, Henry A. Published Beers, Henry A. Brief History of English and American Literature. New York: Eaton and Mains, 1897, pp. 38, 41, 44, 49. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brief History of English and American Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1897 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Prints "Moral Balade," attributing it to Burgh. [RFY1981]. Published Förster, Max. Über Benedict Burghs Leben und Werke. Archiv für das Studium der Neueren Sprachen und Literaturen 101 (1898): 29-64, esp. 50-51. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Über Benedict Burghs Leben und Werke. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1898 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief description of Gower's tomb. [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Aubrey, John. Clark, Andrew, ed. Published Aubrey, John. Brief Lives, Chiefly of Contemporaries, Set Down Between the Years 1669-96. Edited by Andrew Clark. Oxford: Clarendon, 1898, I, 271 Gower Subject Biography of Gower Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brief Lives, Chiefly of Contemporaries, Set Down Between the Years 1669-96. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1898 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review List of works and neutral assessment: "sinuous, dull, uniform, but does not deserve to be swept away with scorn." [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Gosse, Edmund. Published Gosse, Edmund. A Short History of Modern English Literature. London: Heinemann; New York: Appleton, 1898, pp. 16, 24-26 Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Short History of Modern English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1898 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Comparison of Gower as a poet with Langland, Chaucer, and the "Pearl"-poet. General assessment, suggesting that Gower is as morally and socially concerned as Langland, as courtly as Chaucer, and not as critically aware as the "Pearl"-poet; also that he is a competent but not exciting writer. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Saintsbury, George. Published Saintsbury, George. A Short History of English Literature. New York: Macmillan; 1898, pp. 138-42 and passim. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Short History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1898 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief discussion of CA as a poem in the courtly love tradition, with the "court of love" itself apparent in the framework narrative, particularly in the representation of Cupid and Venus as King and Queen of love. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Neilson, William A. Published Neilson, William A. The Origins of the Court of Love. Harvard Studies and Notes in Philology and Literature, VI, 1899. Reprint. New York: Russell and Russell, 1967, pp. 138-41, 155, 164. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Origins of the Court of Love. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1899 1967 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review At suggestion of E. Flügel (no source given) attributes "Moral Balade" to Gower and corrects text printed in volume 101 (1898): 50-51. Author/Editor Author/Editor Förster, Max. Published Förster, Max. [Note]. Archiv für das Studium der Neueren Sprachen und Literaturen 102 (1899): 213-14. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource [Note]. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1899 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower used Geoffrey of Viterbo's "Pantheon" for his version of the Apollonius story (CA, Book VIII) and another unidentified version. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Klebs, Elimar. Published Klebs, Elimar. Die Erzählung von Apollonius von Tyrus: Eine geschichtliche Untersuchung über lateinische Urform und ihre späteren Bearbeitungen. Berlin: G. Reimer, 1899, pp. 462-71. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Die Erzählung von Apollonius von Tyrus: Eine geschichtliche Untersuchung über lateinische Urform und ihre späteren Bearbeitungen. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1899 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower as a satirist is without humor, a voice of rage and social criticism. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Alden, Raymond M. Published Alden, Raymond M. The Rise of Formal Satire in England Under Classical Influence. University of Pennsylvania Series in Philology, Literature, and Archaeology, vol. VII, no, 2, 1899. Reprint. Hamden: CT: Archon, 1962, pp. 12, 151. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Rise of Formal Satire in England Under Classical Influence. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1899 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief assessment, generally negative, of Gower as moral and unimaginative. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Pattee, Fred Lewis. Published Pattee, Fred Lewis. The Foundations of English Literature. Boston: Silver Burdett, 1899, pp. 107, 116, 117, 121, 135, 142, 168. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Foundations of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1899 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review The venerable, standard edition of all of Gower's works, with excellent evaluative introductions, explanatory notes, and glossaries. Lists and describes most manuscripts known at the time of publication for each work: MO (I, lxvii-lxix); CB (I, lxxix-lxxxiii); Traitié (I, lxxxv-lxxxvii); CA (II, cxxxviii-clxvii); VC and CrT (IV, lix-lxxi). Authoritative texts: MO based on MS. Cambridge University Library Additional 303, the only one extant; CA based on MS. Fairfax 3, carefully collated with all previous editions and MSS. Bodleian 902, 294, and Corpus Christi College 67; VC and CrT based on MS. All Souls 98, collated with all other known manuscripts; PP, CB, and Traitié based on MS. Trentham; Short Latin Poems based on Trentham and Cotton Tiberius A IV. For works of questionable authorship, see II, clxxiii-clxxiv. For a useful and informative summation of all biographical information known to the time of publication, see IV, vii-xxx; for the chronology of the poems, now standard, Macaulay gives MO, prior to 1390; CB, ca. 1399; Traitié, ca. 1398, CA, between 1386 and 1393; VC, ca. 1382 or shortly thereafter. Includes detailed, accurate discussions of Gower's Anglo-Norman language and versification (I, xvi-xxxiv) and Middle English (II, xcii-cxxvii), with summary descriptions of the contents of CA (II, xxix-xcii by book and line), and of VC (IV, xxxiv-lvii by book and chapter). A facsimile of the Gower-as-archer portrait is included as the frontispiece in volume IV, from MS. Cotton Tiberius A. IV, f. 9. [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Macaulay, G. C., ed. Published Macaulay, G. C., ed. The Complete Works of John Gower: Edited from the Manuscripts with Introductions, Notes, and Glossaries. 4 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899-1902. Reprint. Grosse Point, Michigan: Scholarly Press, 1968. Vols. 2-3 printed as The English Works of John Gower. Early English Text Society, Extra Series, Nos. 81-82. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co., 1900-01; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1957 and 1968. Gower Subject Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Manuscripts and Textual Studies Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Complete Works of John Gower: Edited from the Manuscripts with Introductions, Notes, and Glossaries. 4 vols. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1899-1902 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review As his title implies, Görbing provides a comparison between the ballad "The Marriage of Sir Gawain," Gower's Tale of Florent and Chaucer's Wife of Bath's Tale. Much of the article is taken up with an analysis of differences in plot development and characterization (particularly in terms of motivation for behaviour). The key difference among the three pieces lies the interpretation of the material (411). Thus, Gower at times obscures moments of comedy in his attempt to instill a moral, whereas Chaucer skillfully brings out the comedic potential of the story. In this, Chaucer is closer to the spirit of the folk tradition - if not always the details of the plot - and to the depictions of love in the "französischen Pastorelle" (413). The article ends with a brief consideration of the origins of the proverb "a woman will have her will" found with some variation in all three works (421-23). [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Görbing, F Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Published Görbing, F. "Die Ballade 'The Marriage of Sir Gawain' in ihren Beziehungen zu Chaucers 'Wife of Bath's Tale' und Gowers Erzählung von Florent." Anglia 23 (1900), pp. 405-423. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Title A name given to the resource Die Ballade 'The Marriage of Sir Gawain' in ihren Beziehungen zu Chaucers 'Wife of Bath's Tale' und Gowers Erzählung von Florent. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Spies' overview of the state of Gower scholarship came out nearly simultaneously with Macaulay's magisterial edition of Gower's works, and there is indeed significant overlap between the two scholars' work. Spies first traces the history of Gower's reception, from the initially favorable praise of Gower (and his inclusion in a literary triumvirate with Chaucer and Lydgate) to the increasingly more critical stance of later criticism. Despite Spies' fairly exhaustive summary he believes there must be many more references to Gower yet undiscovered (170). He also mentions some newly found allusions that illustrate, for example, that more research might be done to link Gower's work to particular families (e.g., the Bohun family) that kept his MSS as valued heirlooms (171, 178-79). Spies turns briefly to the Castilian and Portuguese translations (171) and to the biographies of Gower (he finds Reinhold Pauli's best), before stating the need for an edition of all the references and allusions to Gower in later authors. He then brings his own list of references up to date before focusing primarily on the work of Pauli, Meyer, and Macaulay. He argues (contra Meyer) that each recension of the CA had its origin prior to 1399 when Richard II was deposed (175-77) and that Gower was not spineless or self-serving in relation to the king. In fact, Gower was not afraid to be critical because he held his country in more esteem than his king ("Das vaterland stand unserem dichter höher als die person des königs"; 178). Spies also dedicates some pages to Gower's French and Latin works. Among other things, he suggests that the MO should actually be given its Latin title, since that is how Gower referred to it, and he criticizes Macaulay's lack of rigour in collating MSS of the Traitie (180). After a mention of Gower's shorter English poems, Spies' article turns to the editions of the CA. He criticizes Reinhold Pauli for his eclectic editorial choices and he finds Henry Morley guilty both for following Pauli's text unscrupulously and for being too populist (when Gower will never be very popular). Next follow brief summations of collections that include individual narratives from the CA (183-84), of collations (like Easton's inadequate Readings in Gower), and of relevant 19th century scholarship (particularly source studies). Most of the remaining pages of Spies' articles are taken up by a descriptive catalogue of CA MSS and some final reflections on the differences between the three recensions. Spies argues that Gower generally oversaw later changes and he notes that the MSS in group A should be split in two sections since a number of them show significant similarities with the B and Stafford version. Although Gower's alterations are generally light, Spies does believe that the scholarly world would benefit from another edition of a good base text to accompany Macaulay's admirable work. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Spies, Heinrich Published Spies, Heinrich. "Bisherige Ergebnisse und Weitere Aufgaben der Gower-Forschung." Englische Studien 28 (1900), pp. 163-208. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Influence and Later Allusion Bibliographies, Reports, and Reference Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations In Praise of Peace Vox Clamantis Biography of Gower Traitié pour Essampler les Amants Marietz Manuscripts and Textual Studies Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bisherige Ergebnisse und Weitere Aufgaben der Gower-Forschung Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Eichinger's brief dissertation examines the sources Gower used for his Trojan stories. Eichinger argues that Benoît de Sainte-Maure is nearly always the main source ("Hauptquelle"; 19), and that when Gower borrows from Guido delle Colonne it is most likely from a Latin text. Most of Eichinger's work is taken up with precise comparisons of specific stories and their sources. Stories are classified as being indebted to Benoît (the majority), Guido (only Gower's description of the sirens), both writers (Medea), or either writer (Nauplus; Achilles' love for Polixena). While Eichinger does not emphasize any particular theme that Gower brings out, he does argue that from an aesthetic point of view Gower equals his sources (21). [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Eichinger, Karl Published Eichinger, Karl. "Die Trojasage als Soffquelle für John Gower's Confessio Amantis." PhD thesis, Kgl. Bayer. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München, 1900. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Die Trojasage als Soffquelle für John Gower's Confessio Amantis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Type The nature or genre of the resource Thesis NonPeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Author/Editor Author/Editor Skeat, Rev. Walter W. Published Skeat, Rev. Walter W. The Chaucer Canon: With a Discussion of the Works Associated with the Name of Geoffrey Chaucer. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1900, pp. 96, 97, 100-01. Gower Subject In Praise of Peace Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Review Establishes that William Thynne (1532) erroneously printed Gower's "In Praise of Peace" among works attributed to Chaucer. [RFY1981]. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Chaucer Canon. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Report by A. Beyer on a paper delivered by Spies as a prolegomena to a lengthy study published by Spies in Englische Studien 28 (1900); entirely quoted from Spies' paper, with short opening by Beyer. Author/Editor Author/Editor Beyer, A. Spies, Heinrich Gower Subject Bibliographies, Reports, and Reference Published Spies, Heinrich. "Den Gegenwärtigen Stand der Gower--Forschung and eine Kritische Neuausgabe der Confessio Amantis." Englische Studien 27 (1900): 466-48. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Den Gegenwärtigen Stand der Gower--Forschung and eine Kritische Neuausgabe der Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Summarizes "Rosiphelee" within the context of the "Cruel Beauties" tradition. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Neilson, W. A. Published Neilson, W. A. "The Purgatory of Cruel Beauties." Romania 29 (1900): 89-90. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Purgatory of Cruel Beauties. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower was a friend of Chaucer; "Florent" is his best tale, although "not more than three" of the "one hundred twelve short tales" in CA are "interesting"; portrait (artist's conception). [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Halleck, Rueben Post. Published Halleck, Rueben Post. History of English Literature. New York: Barnes, 1900, pp. 69-70. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1900 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Linda Barney Burke reports that she has found a copy of this rare study in the library at Columbia University, in a volume entitled John Gower Dissertations (catalog no. 822G74.Z8), bound together with Karl Eichinger's 1900 dissertation, also from Munich, "Die Trojasage als Stollquelle fur John Gowers Confession Amantis"). The book which she describes as "very fragile," may be the only copy in existence: the issuing university's copies were destroyed in the was, and apparently few were printed. [PN. Copyright the John Gower Society. JGN 2.2] Author/Editor Author/Editor Strollreither, K Published Strollreither, K. "Quellennachweise zu Gowers Confessio Amantis." PhD thesis, Munich, 1901. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Quellennachweise zu Gowers Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Type The nature or genre of the resource Thesis NonPeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Author/Editor Author/Editor Flügel, Ewald Published Flügel, Ewald. "Gower's Mirour de l'Omme und Chaucer's Prolog." Anglia 24 (1901), pp. 437-508. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Vox Clamantis Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Review The epigraph to Flügel's article reads "Glosynge is a glorious thyng certeyn" (437), and Fluegel's critical method is to give extended glosses to various lines from the Prologue to Chaucer's CT. The primary purpose of these glosses is to provide analogues from quite a range of contemporary sources, Gower's MO and the VC being the foremost among them. Fluegel's discussion centers around a number of characters, namely the Knight (440-48), the Monk (448-60), the Friar (460-72), the Merchant (472-76), the Clerk (476-84), the Man of Law (484-96), the Physician (496-98), the Parson (498-503), the Plowman (503-04), the Summoner (505-07), and the Host (507-08). In general, Gower's satire is sharper and less sympathetic. For instance, Fluegel suggests that the MO's section on "chivalers," with its "scharfe kritik der gegenwärtigen zeit" (strong criticism of the present time) bears little resemblance to "dem freundlichen, lebensfrischen und sonnigen in Chaucer's prolog" (the pleasant, lively, and sunny [aspects] of Chaucer's Prologue; 440). Indeed, Fluegel generally describes the MO's style as similar to "die ölige, glatte monotonie der Confessio Amantis" (the slick and polished monotony of the CA; 427). The MO has a certain "farblosigkeit" (colourlessness; 437)and is characterized by a "melancholisch-pessimistischen tadelsfreude" (melancholy and pessimistic enjoyment of censure; 437). Simply put, Chaucer's Prologue is shorter, but its satire is better. Nevertheless, some of the descriptions of the estates are surprisingly similar in the MO and the CT. For instance, Augustine's comparison of clergy that dabble in secular matters to fish out of water is found both in Chaucer's description of the Monk and in Gower's discussion of "possessioners." In these sections, both authors also make reference to the Rule of St. Augustine (450). In places, Fluegel further notes the importance of the VC in relation to the CT. For instance, in the section on the Man of Law, Fluegel directs the reader to the first six chapters of book 6 of the VC (on the greed of judicial officials), which "womöglich den Mirrour noch an bitterkeit und zorn übertreffen" (possibly exceed the MO in bitterness and fury; 484). Yet it is still the MO that receives most attention, and Fluegel suggests that the MO's section on the law contains a new legal expression about "packing a jury"; the leader who corrupts the jury is called a "Tracier" (489). Fluegel provides little commentary on whether any direct lines of influence are discernable between Gower and Chaucer. In fact, at times he notes their stark difference. One of the last characters Fluegel discusses, the Plowman, presents a stark contrast to Gower's complaints about contemporary laborers, and shows much more similarity with the depiction of the Plowman in Wyclif and Langland (503-04). [CvD] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower's Mirour de l'Omme und Chaucer's Prolog. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Maynadier argues that Chaucer and Gower's loathly lady narratives (the Wife of Bath's Tale and the Tale of Florent) ultimately have an Irish origin and are not directly influenced by the Icelandic tradition. In addition, much of the Arthurian material belongs to a separate strand that diverges from Chaucer and Gower's versions (see 128 for a complete diagram). Gower in all likelihood borrowed his version from a Latin exempla collection such as the "Gesta Romanorum" (135). Chaucer's tale may have been suggested by Gower's, but since Gower was a completely unoriginal and uninventive poet (6, 134), there cannot be much indebtedness. Maynadier further discusses analogues to Gower's motif of capital punishment for answering a riddle incorrectly (126-27), and he notes that the light in the bridal chamber in the Tale of Florent is also of Irish origin (138). [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Maynadier, G. H Published Maynadier, G. H. "The Wife of Bath's Tale: Its Sources and Analogues." London: Nutt, 1901 Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Wife of Bath's Tale: Its Sources and Analogues Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Nutt, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Type The nature or genre of the resource Book PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Adds to the bibliography offered in Heinrich Spies, Englische Studien 28 (1900). [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Northrup, C. S. Published Northrup, C. S. Untitled review of Heinrich Spies' survey of Gower studies (1900). Journal of English and Germanic Philology 4 (1901): 118-19. Gower Subject Bibliographies, Reports, and Reference Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Untitled review of Heinrich Spies' survey of Gower studies (1900). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Speculates that Gower's word came from Old French "Araigne" (Lat. "Aranea"), and that the source of the story in which the word appears is probably Ambrose or Brunetto Latini. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Toynbee, Paget. Published Toynbee, Paget. "'L'Areine au Mer' in Gower's Mirour de l'Omme." Athenaeum, No. 3838 (May, 1901): 632-33. Gower Subject Sourcs, Analogues, and Literary Relations Language and Word Studies Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 'L'Areine au Mer' in Gower's Mirour de l'Omme. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief biography and discussion of all Gower's major poems (CA, VC, MO, and CB), with recurrent attention to his relations to Chaucer, and taking care to distinguish between French and Gower's Anglo-Norman dialect (pp. 105-06). Gower uses poetry not to move the fancy, but for didactic purposes; nevertheless, CA offers "a repository of tales, simple, straightforward, unadulterated and unadorned" (119). [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Snell, F. J. Published Snell, F. J. The Age of Chaucer (1346-1400). London: G. Bell, 1901, pp. 101-20. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Age of Chaucer (1346-1400). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1901 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief synopsis of works and biography; Gower was a moralist and a reformer. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Moody, William Vaughn Lovett, Robert Moses Millett, Fred B. Published Moody, William Vaughn, and Robert Moses Lovett. A History of English Literature. New York: Scribner's, 1930, pp. 42, 56-58, 65. Originally published in 1902. Revised and enlarged by Fred B. Millett, 1943. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 1930 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review While Gough makes little reference to Chaucer and Gower's versions of the Constance Story, he does provide extensive background information about this tale type. The first half of the book catalogues numerous versions according to plot motifs. The second half analyzes what historical incidents may have influenced the changes to the narrative within various traditions. Here Nicholas Trivet's interaction with his alleged Saxon source is a frequent reference point. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Gough, A. B Published Gough, A. B. "The Constance Saga." Berlin: Mayer & Müller, 1902 Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Constance Saga Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Mayer & Müller, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 Type The nature or genre of the resource Book PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief biography; list of works; assessment: "tedious versifier." Gower borrowed plot of "Florent" from Chaucer's "Wife of Bath's Tale." [RFY1981; rev, MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Engel, E. Published Engel, E. A History of English Literature (600-1900). Translated by Hamley Bent. New York: Dutton; London: Methuen, 1902, pp. 65, 69-70. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A History of English Literature (600-1900). Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief biography and description of major works; the tales of CA are "too dull to occupy interest of present-day readers." [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Simonds, William Edward. Published Simonds, William Edward. A Student's History of English Literature. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1902, pp. 54, 58-59, 66, 69, 84, 86 Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Student's History of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1902 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review As the title of his article implies, Kittredge attempts to ascertain something of what Chaucer's literary circle of friends may have looked like. His starting point is Chaucer's reference in the LGW to the debate about the Flower and the Leaf. Kittredge notes that Gower (CA 8.2462-72) and Eustache Deschamps both mention this debate, and he subsequently expands on Chaucer's connection with the latter to argue for their mutual acquaintance with Sir Lewis Clifford, who in turn knew Sir John Clanvowe. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Kittredge, G. L Published Kittredge, G. L. "Chaucer and Some of His Friends." Modern Philology 1.1 (1903), pp. 1-18. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Biography of Gower Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Chaucer and Some of His Friends Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Ker's review of Macaulay's scholarly edition is wholly laudatory and provides a general appreciation of Gower's achievement that echoes or expands on Macaulay. Ker acknowledges that Gower will always remain a "foil to Chaucer" (437), but he praises Gower for his poetic correctness, for his ease and lack of affectation (439). This courtly style, Ker argues, shows Gower's debt to French poetry, marked as it is by a simple eloquence, by an "ironical self-possession" and "urbanity" (442), and by "an understanding between the poet and his readers, a social sympathy" (445). One sees this in other English poetry, as in the Chaucer's "Book of the Duchess" or in "The Owl and the Nightingale." Chaucer, however, is on the whole more influenced by Italian verse and is willing to accept metrical irregularities. Nevertheless, both writers in their use of decasyllabic verse ignored the caesura after the fourth syllable, and so foreshadowed much of the best heroic poetry in English poetry (453). Ker concludes with a rather wilting overview of Gower's French and Latin works, and with a short biography. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Ker, W. P Published Ker, W. P. ""John Gower, Poet"." Quarterly Review 197 (1903), pp. 437-458. Gower Subject In Praise of Peace Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Vox Clamantis Cinkante Balades Traitié pour Essampler les Amants Marietz Confessio Amantis Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "John Gower, Poet" Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Describes a manuscript not mentioned by Macaulay in his "Complete Works of John Gower." [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Förster, M. Published Förster, M. "Zur mittelenglische Handschriftenkunde." Archiv für das Studien der Neueren Sprachen und Literaturen 110 (1903): 103. Gower Subject Manuscripts and Textual Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Zur mittelenglische Handschriftenkunde. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Adds manuscripts not mentioned by Macaulay in his edition. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Spies, H. Published Spies, H. Untitled review of G. C., ed. "The Complete Works of John Gower." Englische Studien 32 (1903): 251-75. Gower Subject Manuscripts and Textual Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Untitled review of G. C., ed. "The Complete Works of John Gower." Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Prints from CA, Book I, 1-760; 1862-2398; 3053-3446; Book II, 1-220; 2501-2781; 3162-3530; Book III, 1331-1735; Book IV, 983-1139; 1142-1446; 3515-3692; Book V, 1971-2390; 4985-5225; Book VI, 727-1150; Book VIII, 2063-2970. Direct transcription from MS. Fairfax 3, with some revisions of complete edition (1899-1902): viz. I, 665, 1919, 2360; II, 2753; IV, 1170, 1336, 3591; V, 2104, 2167, 5039; VIII, 2408, 2544, 2931. Introduction, glossary from complete edition, somewhat abridged; notes expanded, "being intended for younger students." [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Macaulay, G. C., ed. Published Macaulay, G. C., ed. Selections from the Confessio Amantis. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Facsimiles, Editions, and Translations Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Selections from the Confessio Amantis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1903 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Hamilton finds a number of parallels between the work of Gower and the Exempla of Jacques de Vitry. Gower describes the Peacock as a bird who exemplifies Stealth (CA 5.6498-6500) as well as Pride (MO 23449-60). Jacques de Vitry uses the same imagery of the Peacock who hides its "turpes pedes" under its "pulchras pennas" and is known for its "passum latronis." Likewise the Middle English Gesta Romanorum employs the expression "for the pecok goth like a thef." Other parallels with Jacques de Vitry include the story of Nero in Hell (MO 24469-80), the tale of "the Travelers and the Angel" in Book 2 of the CA, and the story of Jerome's chastisement for being a Ciceronian (MO 14670-76). The latter exemplum in Jacques de Vitry also introduces the story of Sella, from which Gower borrows a phrase of a distich in VC 4.1214. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Hamilton, George L Published Hamilton, George L. "Notes on Gower." Modern Language Notes 19.2 (1904), pp. 51-52. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Vox Clamantis Confessio Amantis Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Notes on Gower Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review This piece is a kind of appendix to Spies' article from 1900 ("Bisherige Ergebnisse") and consists of two parts: a further listing of allusions to Gower in later authors, and a fleshing out of Macaulay's descriptive catalogue of CA manuscripts. In the first part Spies makes only an occasional comment on the various references he lists. For example, he wonders whether George Puttenham had not seen the first recension of the CA since he only mentions Gower in relation to Henry IV. In the second part Spies describes a number of MSS in some detail (including one come to light after Macaulay's edition), and seems fascinated by some of the marginal notations and added verses, but makes no larger observations. Spies finishes with an initial tally of the number of extant copies of Caxton's and Berthelette's editions. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Spies, Heinrich Published Spies, Heinrich. "Goweriana." Englische Studien 34 (1904), pp. 169-175. Gower Subject Confessio Amantis Manuscripts and Textual Studies Influence and Later Allusion Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Goweriana Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Quotes Gower for evidence that few wrote in English in late-fourteenth century England. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Gwynn, Stephen. Published Gwynn, Stephen. The Masters of English Literature. London: Macmillan, 1904, p. 4 Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Masters of English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Repeats James R. Lowell's (1871) claim that "Gower's work is painfully dull," and Thomas Lounsbury's opinion that Chaucer surpassed Gower "in popularity, in poetical skill, and in true merit." Describes MO as a "sermon," VC as a "moral allegory, and CA as a "collection of tales in verse illustrating that 'love' which was the topic of chivalrous romances." Treats Gower as Chaucer's "friend" and generally inferior poetic colleague, among the "lesser lights" of the age. [RFY1981; rev. MA] Author/Editor Author/Editor Jenks, Tudor. Published Jenks, Tudor. In the Days of Chaucer. New York: Barnes, 1904, pp. 110, 113, 215, 217-22, 227, 250 Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource In the Days of Chaucer. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1904 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Hamilton agrees with the work of E. T. Granz and C. H. Wager, which suggests that there exists an intermediary text between Benoît de Saint-Maure's Roman de Troie and two later translations: Konrad von Würzburg's Trojanerkrieg and the Middle English Seege of Troye. The later redactions include five episodes that differ substantially from Benoît in arrangement and wording. Of these five, the story of the youth of Achilles is also recounted by Gower, and Hamilton's purpose is to show that Gower, like Konrad von Würzburg (Hamilton's primary model for comparison), also used an "enlarged Roman" (180). In particular, Hamilton argues that Gower's tales of "Achilles's youthful training under Chiron, his life at the court of Lycomedes, and his discovery by Ulysses, are told in enough detail to show a common source more extensive than the Achilleis [Achilliad] of Statius" (181-82). In the process of enumerating the similarities between Konrad and Gower's accounts, Hamilton also points out some differences. For instance, when Gower's Achilles is advised by his mother Thetis (the same name is used by Konrad) that he should disguise himself as a woman, he does so "without protest, and without knowing the occasion" (188). Hamilton concludes by arguing that it is unlikely that Gower ever had "a first hand acquaintance" (196) with the Achilliad. Since it was a rare volume in medieval libraries, and since Gower show little or no acquaintance with the Thebaid (196), it is unlikely that he read Statius directly. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Hamilton, George L Published Hamilton, George L. "Gower's Use of the Enlarged Roman de Troie." PMLA: Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 20.1 (1905), pp. 179-196. Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Confessio Amantis Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower's Use of the Enlarged Roman de Troie. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Although his review is occasioned by the publication of volume 4 of Macaulay's edition of Gower (the Latin Works), Spies focuses primarily on Macaulay's general opinion of Gower's politics. Spies agrees with Macaulay's favorable assessment of Gower's switch in allegiance away from Richard II, and lists some of the criticisms traditionally leveled against Gower (from Colley Cibber to Karl Meyer). Spies provides more criticism, however, of Macaulay's views on the supposed quarrel between Chaucer and Gower. Spies feels that the Man of Law's opinion of Gower is shared by Chaucer, and he questions Macaulay's argument that Gower only struck the greeting to Chaucer from the later recensions to create room for other material. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Spies, Heinrich Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Vox Clamantis Biography of Gower Confessio Amantis Published Spies, Heinrich. "Review of Macaulay's The Complete Works of John Gower, vol. IV." Englische Studien 35 (1905), pp. 104-109. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Title A name given to the resource Review of Macaulay's The Complete Works of John Gower, vol. IV Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Fowler's Paris dissertation examines the MO's sources. Fowler focuses on the MO's section on the vices and virtues, and argues that Gower is closest to two thirteenth-century French sommes, the "Mirëour" or "Miraour du Monde" and the "Somme le Roi." Yet since Gower also borrows from the Latin "Summa Virtutum ac Vitiorum" by Gulielmi Peraldi, Fowler posits that Gower uses a now non-extant version of these three closely related texts, one that includes all of Gower's borrowings. Fowler provides a number of tables to shows corresponding passages, including two lengthy appendices: the first lists all the subdivisions of the vices and virtues in the MO and its possible sources; the second prints the MO's sections on Pride and Humility side by side with corresponding passages from the other texts. Fowler also includes a general introduction to Gower's life (borrowed mostly from Macaulay, but strong on possible contradictions in Gower's work) and focuses frequently on larger comparisons between Gower's three major works. She summarizes the essential differences as follows: "Le Mirour de l'Omme se rapproche des ouvrages cycliques et religieux, homélies ou mystères; la Confessio Amantis, des ouvrages encyclopédiques, et la Vox Clamantis, des ouvrages satiriques." (13). Fowler concludes by arguing that Gower is above all a conservator of older authorities (80), and his sources (the French sommes, Jean de Meun, Benoît, etc.) tend to come from the thirteenth century. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Fowler, R. Elfreda Published Fowler, R. Elfreda. "Une Source Française des Poèmes de Gower." Macon: Protat Frères, 1905 Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Vox Clamantis Biography of Gower Confessio Amantis Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Une Source Française des Poèmes de Gower Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Protat Frères, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Type The nature or genre of the resource Book PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Ker's chapter on Gower repeats his 1903 review article on Macaulay's edition, entitled "John Gower, Poet." Please refer to that entry for a full description. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Ker, W. P Published Ker, W. P. ""Gower"." In Essays on Medieval Literature. Ed. Ker, W. P. London: Macmillan, 1905, pp. 101-134. Gower Subject Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Gower" Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Macmillan, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Type The nature or genre of the resource Book Section PeerReviewed Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review An account of an early attempt by Spies to catalog the vocabulary of CA. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Spies, Heinrich. Published Spies, Heinrich. "Ein Lexicographisches Experiment." Verein Deutscher Philologen und Schulmänner 8 (1905): 161-62. Gower Subject Bibliographies, Reports, and Reference Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ein Lexicographisches Experiment. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Discusses Nature as landscape, and notes Gower uses the idea very little: in CA, "[f]or the most part, he is too absorbed in his love-story and his often ill-fitting moral to have any eye for landscape." [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Moorman, Frederic. Published Moorman, Frederic. The Interpretation of Nature in English Poetry from Beowulf to Shakespeare. Quellen und Forschungen zur Sprach- und Kulturgeschichte der Germanische Völker, no. 95. Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, 1905, pp. 122-24. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Interpretation of Nature in English Poetry from Beowulf to Shakespeare. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief, generally negative assessment of works as overly moral, slow moving and dull. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Newcomer, Alphonso Gerald. Published Newcomer, Alphonso Gerald. English Literature. Chicago: Scott, Foresman, 1905, pp. 47-48. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource English Literature. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Tatlock admits that Milton's allegory of Satan, Sin, and their son Death is based in the first place on the Epistle of James 1:15, and that the description of Sin has echoes of Hesiod, Virgil, Dante, Spenser, and Phineas Fletcher. However, the most curious parallel is to be found in Gower's MO, lines 235-37, where Sin and Death have seven daughters, the Deadly Sins. The Devil "sends all these beings abroad among men, just as Sin and Death follow Milton's Satan to this world" (240). The chance that Milton read the MO is "infinitesimal" (240), but the parallel hints that at least their sources are the same, and it suggests something of Milton's debt to medieval allegory, despite the fact that the Renaissance used allegory more for adornment than for the "bald" (240) exposition of intellectual ideas (as in Gower). [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Tatlock, J. S. P Gower Subject Influence and Later Allusion Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Published Tatlock, J. S. P. "Milton's Sin and Death." Modern Language Notes 21.8 (1906), pp. 239-240. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Type The nature or genre of the resource Article PeerReviewed Title A name given to the resource Milton's Sin and Death Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Concerned with Gower's large contribution to the formation of the English language and with his being properly considered by compilers of dictionaries. [RFY1981]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Spies, Heinrich. Published Spies, Heinrich. "Englische Wörterbucharbeit und Vorführung des Gowerschen Wortschätzes." Archiv für das Studium der Neueren Sprachen und Literaturen 116 (1906): 111 Gower Subject Language and Word Studies Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Englische Wörterbucharbeit und Vorführung des Gowerschen Wortschätzes. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Search of e-copy available at Archive.org indicates no mention of Gower or his works. [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Baake, Wilhelm. Published Baake, Wilhelm. Die Verwendung des Traummotivs in der Englischen Dichtung bis auf Chaucer. Ph.D. Dissertation. Halle University, 1906. Halle: Heinrich John, 1906. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Die Verwendung des Traummotivs in der Englischen Dichtung bis auf Chaucer. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Gower was a friend and contemporary of Chaucer, one who could write good poetry and who deserved the label "moral"; he was "ponderously learned"; the reference to Chaucer in Gower's MO possibly dates "Troilus and Criseyde" as written before 1377; CA is an example of a loose collection of the short tales which were popular in the Middle Ages. [RFY1981; rev. MA]. Author/Editor Author/Editor Root, Robert K. Published Root, Robert K. The Poetry of Chaucer: A Guide to Its Study and Appreciation. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1906. Rev. ed. 1922, 11-12, 13, 26, 33, 75, 88, 124, 127, 137, 151, 183, 184, 240, 242, 252, 284. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Poetry of Chaucer: A Guide to Its Study and Appreciation. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Brief biography; assessment of works as political and religious criticism; picture of tomb effigy, p. 144. [RFY1981] Author/Editor Author/Editor Wülker, Richard. Published Wülker, Richard. Geschichte der enlischen Literatur, von den altesten Zeiten bis zur Gegenwart. 2 vols. Leipzig and Vienna: Bibliographical Institute, 1906, pp. 100, 143-46, 150, 152, 156, 174, 179, 197, 201, 223, 255. Gower Subject Backgrounds and General Criticism Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geschichte der enlischen Literatur, von den altesten Zeiten bis zur Gegenwart. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1906 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gower Collection GowerType Customized Item type for items in the Gower Database Review Walz's published dissertation provides a brief introduction to Gower's use of proverbs as well as an exhaustive catalogue. Walz opens with a general distinction between folk and literary proverb, and briefly compares Gower's tally of 290 proverbs to Chaucer's approximately 187 proverbs. There is some overlap (about 60 proverbs), but they probably did not borrow from each other. Walz lists some of Gower's major influences (the Bible, the Church Fathers, and the Latin authors), and feels that Gower may have read many of them directly, rather than using florilegia. The main body of the dissertation consists of Gower's proverbs organized by theme (e.g., human relationships, relationships to authority, human endeavor, etc.). The provenance of each proverb is also charted in some detail. The catalogue ends with a list of proverbs that either only have English provenance or are not known outside of Gower. [CvD] Author/Editor Author/Editor Walz, Gotthard Published Walz, Gotthard. "Das Sprichwort bei Gower, mit besonderem Hinweis auf Quellen und Parallelen." Nördlingen: Beck, 1907 Gower Subject Sources, Analogues, and Literary Relations Style, Rhetoric, and Versification Vox Clamantis Confessio Amantis Mirour de l'Omme (Speculum Meditantis) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Das Sprichwort bei Gower, mit besonderem Hinweis auf Quellen und Parallelen Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Beck, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1907 Type The nature or genre of the resource Book PeerReviewed